This is a list of invasive species in Europe. A species is regarded as invasive if it has been introduced by human action to a location, area, or region This is a list of invasive species in Europe. A species is regarded as invasive if it has been introduced by human action to a location, area, or region where it did not previously occur naturally (i.e., is not a native species), becomes capable of establishing a breeding population in the new location without further intervention by humans, and becomes a pest in the new location, directly threatening agriculture or the local biodiversity.
The term invasive species refers to a subset of those species defined as introduced species. If a species has been introduced but remains local, and is not problematic to agriculture or to the local biodiversity, then it cannot be considered to be invasive, and does not belong on this list.
HidePlants
Ailanthus altissima (Tree of heaven)[1]
Amorpha fruticosa (Desert false indigo)[2]
Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Amrosia artemisifolia)[3]
Carpobrotus edulis (Hottentot fig)[4]
Caulerpa racemosa (Grape caulerpa)[5]
Caulerpa taxifolia, Mediterranean clone[6]
Clematis vitalba (Old man's beard)[7]
Crassula helmsii (Australian swamp stonecrop)[8]
Elodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed)[9]
Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed)[10]
Gleditsia triacanthos (Honey locust)
Heracleum mantegazzianum (Giant hogweed)[11]
Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (Floating pennywort)[12]
Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam)[13]
Myriophyllum aquaticum (Parrot feather)[14]
Rhododendron ponticum[15]
Robinia pseudoacacia (Black locust)[16]
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HideAnimals
Arthropods
Crustaceans
Balanus improvisus (bay barnacle)[17]
Eriocheir sinensis (Chinese mitten crab)[18]
Homarus americanus (American lobster)[19]
Orconectes limosus[20]
Orconectes virilis (Virile crayfish)[21]
Pacifastacus leniusculus) (Signal crayfish)[22]
Paralithodes camtschaticus (Red king crab)[23]
Procambarus clarkii (Louisiana crawfish)[24]
Procambarus fallax f. virginalis (Marmorkrebs)[25]
Insects
Harmonia axyridis (Asian lady beetle)[26]
Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado beetle)[27]
Chordates
Ascidians
Styela clava (Stalked sea squirt)[28]
Amphibians
Xenopus laevis
Birds
A Canada goose in Cambridge, England
Alopochen aegyptiacus (Egyptian goose)[29]
Anser cygnoides (Swan goose)
Anser indicus (Bar-headed goose)
Branta canadensis (Canada goose)
Corvus splendens (House crow)
Myiopsitta monachus (Monk parakeet)
Oxyura jamaicensis (Ruddy duck)[30]
Psittacula krameri (Rose-ringed parakeet)
Mammals
Muntiacus reevesi (Reeves's muntjac)
Mustela vison (American mink)
Myocastor coypus (Coypu, nutria)
Nyctereutes procyonoides (Raccoon dog)
Ondatra zibethicus (Muskrat)
Rattus norvegicus (Brown rat)
Rattus rattus (Black rat)
Sciurus carolinensis (Grey squirrel)
Reptiles
Trachemys scripta elegans (Red-eared slider)
Molluscs
Marine
The veined rapa whelk, Rapana venosa
A shell of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha
Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oyster)
Crepidula fornicata (Common slipper shell)
Ensis directus (American jack-knife clam)
Rapana Venosa (Veined rapa whelk)[31]
Freshwater
Corbicula fluminea (Freshwater bivalve mollusk)[32][33]
Dreissena polymorpha (Zebra mussel)
Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (Quagga mussel)[34]
Ferrissia fragilis (Freshwater limpet)[35]
Melanoides tuberculata (Red-rimmed melania)
Potamopyrgus antipodarum (New Zealand mud snail)
Sinanodonta woodiana (Chinese pond mussel)[33]
Platyhelminthes
Arthurdendyus triangulatus (New Zealand flatworm)
Australoplana sanguinea (Australian flatworm)
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HidePathogens
Ophiostoma ulmi (Dutch elm disease)
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naturally (i.e., is not a native species), becomes capable of establishing a breeding population in the new location without further intervention by humans, and becomes a pest in the new location, directly threatening agriculture or the local biodiversity.
The term invasive species refers to a subset of those species defined as introduced species. If a species has been introduced but remains local, and is not problematic to agriculture or to the local biodiversity, then it cannot be considered to be invasive, and does not belong on this list.
Ailanthus altissima (Tree of heaven)[1]
Amorpha fruticosa (Desert false indigo)[2]
Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Amrosia artemisifolia)[3]
Carpobrotus edulis (Hottentot fig)[4]
Caulerpa racemosa (Grape caulerpa)[5]
Caulerpa taxifolia, Mediterranean clone[6]
Clematis vitalba (Old man's beard)[7]
Crassula helmsii (Australian swamp stonecrop)[8]
Elodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed)[9]
Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed)[10]
Gleditsia triacanthos (Honey locust)
Heracleum mantegazzianum (Giant hogweed)[11]
Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (Floating pennywort)[12]
Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam)[13]
Myriophyllum aquaticum (Parrot feather)[14]
Rhododendron ponticum[15]
Robinia pseudoacacia (Black locust)[16]
↑Jump back a section
HideAnimals
Arthropods
Crustaceans
Balanus improvisus (bay barnacle)[17]
Eriocheir sinensis (Chinese mitten crab)[18]
Homarus americanus (American lobster)[19]
Orconectes limosus[20]
Orconectes virilis (Virile crayfish)[21]
Pacifastacus leniusculus) (Signal crayfish)[22]
Paralithodes camtschaticus (Red king crab)[23]
Procambarus clarkii (Louisiana crawfish)[24]
Procambarus fallax f. virginalis (Marmorkrebs)[25]
Insects
Harmonia axyridis (Asian lady beetle)[26]
Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado beetle)[27]
Chordates
Ascidians
Styela clava (Stalked sea squirt)[28]
Amphibians
Xenopus laevis
Birds
A Canada goose in Cambridge, England
Alopochen aegyptiacus (Egyptian goose)[29]
Anser cygnoides (Swan goose)
Anser indicus (Bar-headed goose)
Branta canadensis (Canada goose)
Corvus splendens (House crow)
Myiopsitta monachus (Monk parakeet)
Oxyura jamaicensis (Ruddy duck)[30]
Psittacula krameri (Rose-ringed parakeet)
Mammals
Muntiacus reevesi (Reeves's muntjac)
Mustela vison (American mink)
Myocastor coypus (Coypu, nutria)
Nyctereutes procyonoides (Raccoon dog)
Ondatra zibethicus (Muskrat)
Rattus norvegicus (Brown rat)
Rattus rattus (Black rat)
Sciurus carolinensis (Grey squirrel)
Reptiles
Trachemys scripta elegans (Red-eared slider)
Molluscs
Marine
The veined rapa whelk, Rapana venosa
A shell of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha
Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oyster)
Crepidula fornicata (Common slipper shell)
Ensis directus (American jack-knife clam)
Rapana Venosa (Veined rapa whelk)[31]
Freshwater
Corbicula fluminea (Freshwater bivalve mollusk)[32][33]
Dreissena polymorpha (Zebra mussel)
Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (Quagga mussel)[34]
Ferrissia fragilis (Freshwater limpet)[35]
Melanoides tuberculata (Red-rimmed melania)
Potamopyrgus antipodarum (New Zealand mud snail)
Sinanodonta woodiana (Chinese pond mussel)[33]
Platyhelminthes
Arthurdendyus triangulatus (New Zealand flatworm)
Australoplana sanguinea (Australian flatworm)
↑Jump back a section
HidePathogens
Ophiostoma ulmi (Dutch elm disease)
↑Jump back a section
